- 1 -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. PROGRAM START UP AND SHUT DOWN
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1) Boot up DOS.
2) Insert the EX-1581 backup disk.
3) Type the start command:
         **                                          **
         **  EX1581/(version or file name)  [Enter]  **
         **                                          **

   1. USA, UK or EUR can be used as "(version)" or a specific file name can be
      entered.
      - See FILE SAVING AND LOADING, p. 18.
   2. When a version is specified, the corresponding default settings are read;
      when a file name is specified, the files' settings are loaded.
   3. When no version is specified, the previously saved contents are called.

4) The COMMON CH screen appears.
       **                                                              **
       **  The loaded file name appears in the bottom left corner of   **
       **  the screen.  "NONAME.ICF" appears when no data file is      **
       **  loaded.                                                     **
       **                                                              **

5) When programming is completed:
   push [Esc] (indicates the TOP menu)
     then [F] (selects file SUB menu)
     then [S] (saves the set data; if not necessary skip this operation.) 
     then [Q] (quits the program)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. OPERATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The EX-1581 has a TOP menu and 7 screens for programming.  All screens or
operations can be accessed from the TOP menu.  A SUB menu appears under the
TOP menu when the item in the top menu is selected with the [Arrow] and
[Enter] keys.  The TOP menu appears when the [Esc] key is pushed.

1) After the program starts up, push the [Esc] key to indicate the top menu.

2) Push a highlighted character; or the [Arrow] and the [Enter] keys to
   select the desired item.
    - A SUB menu appears under the selected item.

3) Push a highlighted character; or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys to
   select the desired screen.
    - The desired screen appears.

4) Select the desired item with an [Arrow] key, then push [Space] or the
   digit keys to set the item.
     - See descriptions of each screen for details.

                                     - 2 -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. SCREEN DESCRIPTIONS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

////// COMMON SCREEN //////

+[COMMON]---------+------------++-----------------+-----------+
| TITLE           |            || TITLE           |           |
+-----------------+------------++-----------------+-----------+
| SVL/COMMERCIAL  |  SURVIVAL  || T.O.T.(Sec)     |      179  |
| ON-BOARD        |  ON        || POWER SAVE      |  1/4      |
| --------------  | ---------- || POWER SAVE(SVL) |  1/4      |
| USA    ch       |  ENABLE    || AUTO Illumi     |  ON       |
| WX     ch       |  ENABLE    || AUTO Illumi(SVL)|  ON       |
| MEMORY ch       |  ENABLE    || --------------- | --------- |
|---------------  | ---------- || DSC function    |  OFF      |
| DUALWATCH func  |  ON        || DSC ID          |  NONE     |
| DW in SETMODE   |  APPEAR    || ATIS function   |  OFF      |
| DUAL/TRI default|  TRI-WATCH || ATIS ID         |  NONE     |
| --------------  | ---------- || Tx without ATIS |  INHIBIT  |
+-----------------+------------++-----------------+-----------+ 

The COMMON screen automatically appears when starting up this program.
This screen allows you to set general items as opposed to the other
screens which set items specific to a particular channel type i.e.
memory, USA/international, WX channels, etc.

SVL/COMMERCIAL
This item sets the transceiver for survival craft or commercial use. When
the transceiver is set for survival craft use, two modes are available:
survival craft mode and on-board communication mode. When set for
commercial use, only one mode of operation is available.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select SVL/COMMERCIAL.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select SURVIVAL or COMMERCIAL.

ON-BOARD
This item allows you to set on-board communication mode ON or OFF. When
OFF is selected, on-board communication mode cannot be accessed. (Refer to
the OBC mode instruction manual for available functions in OBC mode.)

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select ON-BOARD.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

         NOTE:  This item has no effect when the transceiver is set for
                COMMERCIAL operation (above).

                                    - 3 -

USA ch
This item enables or disables the use of USA VHF marine channels.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select USA ch.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ENABLE or DISABLE.

WX ch
This item enables or disables the reception of VHF marine weather channels.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select WX ch.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ENABLE or DISABLE.

MEMORY ch
This item enables or disables the use of memory channels.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select MEMORY ch.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ENABLE or DISABLE.

DUALWATCH func
This item turns the dualwatch function ON or OFF. If you want the transceiver
to be able to operate dualwatch, set this item to ON.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select DUALWATCH func.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

DW in SETMODE
A dualwatch/tri-watch selection item is available in the transceiver's SET
mode. However, this can be deleted from SET mode leaving only a fixed watch
type assignment.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select DW in SETMODE.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select APPEAR or DISAPPEAR.

DUAL/TRI default
This item sets the transceiver's default watch function to dualwatch or
tri-watch.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select DUAL/TRI default.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select DUALWATCH or TRI-WATCH.

                                    - 4 -

T.O.T.(Sec)
This item sets the transceiver's time-out timer (the time allowed for
continuous transmission before receive is automatically selected).

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select T.O.T.(Sec).

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select OFF (time-out timer OFF)
   or enter a time in seconds. Maximum selectable time is 999 seconds.

POWER SAVE
This item sets the transceiver's power saver function for battery conservation.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select POWER SAVE.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select OFF, 1/8 or 1/4.
   - "OFF" turns the power saver function off.
   - "1/8" selects a power saver duty cycle of 1 : 8,
     (receive circuit ON : receive circuit OFF).
   - "1/4" selects a power saver duty cycle of 1 : 4,
     (receive circuit ON : receive circuit OFF).

         NOTE:  This item is effective only when COMMERCIAL mode is selected
                or ON-BOARD mode is selected from SURVIVAL mode.

POWER SAVE(SVL)
This item sets the transceiver's power saver function for survival mode.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select POWER SAVE(SVL).

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select OFF, 1/8 or 1/4.
   - See previous item for the meaning of each selection.

   **                                                                   **
   ** CAUTION: When this item is set to OFF, the transceiver cannot     **
   **          provide 8 hrs. of continuous operation even when using   **
   **          the CM-176 lithium battery pack.                         **
   **                                                                   **

AUTO Illumi
This item sets the transceiver's auto illumination function (function display
backlighting when using any switch or when receiving a signal) on or off.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select AUTO Illumi.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

AUTO Illumi(SVL)
This item sets the transceiver's auto illumination function in survival craft
mode on or off.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select AUTO Illumi(SVL).

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

   **                                                                   **
   ** CAUTION: When this item is set to OFF, the transceiver does not   **
   **          meet GMDSS requirements.                                 **
   **                                                                   **
                                    - 5 -

DSC function
This item sets the transceiver's DSC function on or off.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select DSC function.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

   **                                                              **
   ** An optional UT-92 is necessary to use the DSC distress call  **
   ** function. To transmit a distress call, push and hold [16]    **
   ** for 5 seconds.                                               **
   **                                                              **

DSC ID
The authorized DSC code of the transceiver can be programmed in this item.
This DSC code is used for the distress call.

        **                                                          **
        ** IMPORTANT: If the wrong code is programmed in this item, **
        **            distress calls will not be accepted and shore **
        **            stations may be confused.                     **
        **                                                          **

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select DSC ID.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select NONE, or enter the desired DSC ID
   using the digit keys (10 digits), then push [Enter].

ATIS function
This item sets the transceiver's ATIS function on or off.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select ATIS function.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select ON or OFF.

   **                                                            **
   ** An optional UT-92 is necessary to use the ATIS function.   **
   ** An ATIS code is always transmitted when releasing the PTT  **
   ** switch in this case.                                       **
   **                                                            **

ATIS ID
The authorized ATIS code of the transceiver can be programmed in this item.
This programmed ATIS code is used for ATIS encode.

       **                                                          **
       ** IMPORTANT: If the wrong code is programmed in this item, **
       **            your ATIS code will confuse other ships.      **
       **                                                          **

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select ATIS ID.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select NONE, or enter the desired ATIS ID
   with the digit keys (10 digits), then push [Enter].

                                    - 6 -

Tx without ATIS
This item determines whether or not the transceiver can transmit without the
ATIS function on.

1) Use the [Arrow] keys to select Tx without ATIS.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select INHIBIT or ACCEPT.
   - "INHIBIT" means transmit is not possible when no ATIS ID is programmed.
   - "ACCEPT" means transmit is possible even when no ATIS ID is programmed.

                                    - 7 -

////// MEMORY CHANNEL SCREEN //////

+[MEMORY CHANNEL]-+-----+-----+-----++-------+----------+-----+-----+-----+
| CH   | CHANNEL  |Tx   |LOW  |SIMP || CH    |CHANNEL   |Tx   |LOW  |SIMP |
|  No. |          | INH | PWR |     ||  No.  |          | INH | PWR |     |
+------+----------+-----+-----+-----++-------+----------+-----+-----+-----+
|   0  |  USA  16 |     |     |  S  ||  16   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   1  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  17   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   2  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  18   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   3  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  19   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   4  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  20   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   5  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  21   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   6  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  22   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   7  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||  23   |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  |
|   8  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||       | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
|   9  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||       | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
|  10  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||       | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
|  11  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  || CALL  |  USA  9  |     |     |  S  |
|  12  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||       | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
|  13  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  || CALL  |  USA  9  |     |     |  S  |
|  14  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  || (SVL) | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
|  15  |  INHIBIT |     |     |  S  ||       | -------- |  -  |  -  |  -  |
+ ----------------+-----+-----+-----++-------+----------+-----+-----+-----+
 
The MEMORY CHANNEL SCREEN allows you to set all memory channel and call
channel contents.

SCREEN SELECTION

1) Push [Esc] key once or twice to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Menu" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - A sub menu appears under the TOP menu.

3) Select "Memory ch" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - The MEMORY CHANNEL screen appears.

CHANNEL
The programmed channels appear when the MEMORY mode is selected.

1) Select the desired channel in the CHANNEL column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select the desired channel group:
     **  INT 16  **
     **  USA 16  **
     **  WX   1  **
     **  INHIBIT **

3) Push digit keys to enter the desired marine channel number, then push the
   [Return] key.
   - "A" can be input as a channel number.
   -  For a channel number only (i.e. without "INT" or "USA"), enter the
      channel number when "INHIBIT" is displayed.

4) Push [Enter] to enter the channel data.
   - The channel is highlighted and the [Arrow] and [Esc] keys can be pushed.

                                    - 8 -

Tx INH
Memory channels can be set for transmit inhibit if desired. In this case,
only receiving is possible.

1) Select the desired channel in the CHANNEL column with the [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to toggle transmit inhibit ON and OFF.
   - "I" indicates transmit inhibit is ON.

LOW PWR
The high/low power selection is disabled and only low power can be used on
the selected channel.

1) Select the desired channel in the LOW PWR column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select low power only or both low and high
   power selectable.
   - "P" appears when low power only can be selected for a channel and no
     indicator appears when both low and high power can be selected.

    NOTE:  Low output power must be set when programming USA channels 13 and
           67 (momentary high power channels). The output power cannot be
           selected from the transceiver's [HI/LOW] switch. High power can be
           selected during transmission ONLY when low power is set on these
           channels.
           In on-board communication mode, this item has no effect since all
           channels are set for low power only.

SIMP
This sets duplex channels to simplex operation only.

1) Select the desired channel in the SIMP column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select simplex operation or duplex operation.
   - "S" appears when simplex operation is selected and no indicator appears
      when duplex operation is selected.

    NOTE:  This item has no effect on channels which are already simplex only
           channels.

                                    - 9 -

//////  INT AND USA CHANNEL SCREENS  //////

+[INT CHANNEL]---+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+
|CH  |CH   |Tx   |LOW  ||CH  |CH   |Tx   |LOW  |
| No.| INH | INH | PWR || No.| INH | INH | PWR |
+----+-----+-----+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+
|    |  -  |  -  |  -  || 60 |     |     |     |
|    |  -  |  -  |  -  || 60A|     |     |     |
|  1 |     |     |     || 61 |     |     |     |
|  1A|     |     |     || 61A|     |     |     |
|  2 |     |     |     || 62 |     |     |     |
|  2A|     |     |     || 62A|     |     |     |
~                                              ~
~                                              ~
| 27 |     |     |     || 87 |     |     |     |
| 27A|  I  |     |     || 87A|     |     |     |
| 28 |     |     |     || 88 |     |     |     |
| 28A|  I  |     |     || 88A|     |     |     |
+----+-----+-----+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+

When the international or USA channel group is selected with the transceiver,
the channels in the screen table can be used.  When "I" (Inhibit) is selected
in the "CH INH" column, the selected channels do not appear in the selected
channel group.

SCREEN SELECTION

1) Push [Esc] key once or twice to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Menu" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - A sub menu appears under the TOP menu.

3) Select "INT  ch" or "USA  ch" with the [i] or [u] key, or the [Arrow]
   and [Enter] keys.
    - The INT CHANNEL or USA CHANNEL screen appears.

CH INH
The selected channel does not appear during channel selection.

1) Select the desired channel in the CH INH column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to toggle the "I" or no indication selection.
    - "I" means inhibit.
    - No indication means the channel appears and can be used during
      operation.

Tx INH
The selected channel appears during channel selection, however, only receive
is possible. Transmit is inhibited.

1) Select the desired channel in the Tx INH column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to toggle the "I" and no indication selection.
   - "I" means the channel appears but can only be used for receive,
     i.e. transmit is inhibited.
   - No indication means the channel appears and can be used normally.

                                    - 10 -

LOW PWR
The high/low power selection is disabled and only low power can be used on
the selected channel.

1) Select the desired channel in the LOW PWR column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select low or high power.
    - "P" appears when low power is specified and no indicator appears when
      high power is specified.

         NOTE:  Low output power must be set on USA channels 13 and 67
                (momentary high power channels).  The output power cannot
                be selected from the transceiver's [HI/LOW] switch.  High
                power can be selected during transmission ONLY when low power
                is set on these channels.
                In on-board communication mode, this item has no effect since
                all channels are set for low power only.

                                    - 11 -

////// SURVIVAL CHANNEL SCREEN //////

+[SVL CHANNEL]---+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+
|CH  |CH   |Tx   |LOW  ||CH  |CH   |Tx   |LOW  |
| No.| INH | INH | PWR || No.| INH | INH | PWR |
+----+-----+-----+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+
|    |  -  |  -  |  -  || 60 |  I  |     |  P  |
|  1 |  I  |     |  P  || 61 |  I  |     |  P  |
|  2 |  I  |     |  P  || 62 |  I  |     |  P  |
|  3 |  I  |     |  P  || 63 |  I  |     |  P  |
~                                              ~
~                                              ~
| 26 |  I  |     |  P  || 86 |  I  |     |  P  |
| 27 |  I  |     |  P  || 87 |  I  |     |  P  |
| 28 |  I  |     |  P  || 88 |  I  |     |  P  |
+----+-----+-----+-----++----+-----+-----+-----+

The transceiver has preset and programmable survival channels.  When "I"
(inhibit) is cleared in the "CH INH" column, only selected channels appear 
during operation in survival craft mode.

SCREEN SELECTION

1) Push [Esc] key once or twice to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Menu" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - A SUB menu appears under the TOP menu.

3) Push the [S] key to select the SURVIVAL CHANNEL SCREEN.

CH INH
The selected channels ("I" is indicated) do not appear during channel
selection in survival craft mode.

1) Select the desired channel in the CH INH column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to toggle the "I" or no indication selection.
    - "I" means Inhibit.
    - No indication means the channel appears and can be used during
      operation.

Tx INH
The selected channels ("I" is indicated) appear during channel selection,
however, they can be used for receiving only. Transmit is inhibited.

1) Select the desired channel in the Tx INH column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to toggle  the "I" or no indication selection.
   - "I" means the channel appears but can only be used for receiving.
   - No indication means the channel appears and can be used normally.

                                    - 12 -

LOW PWR
The high/low power selection is disabled and only low power can be used on
the selected channel.

1) Select the desired channel in the LOW PWR column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Push [Space] or [Backspace] to select low or high power.
    - "P" appears when low power is specified and no indicator appears when
      high power is specified.

         NOTE:  Low output power must be set on USA channels 13 and 67
                (momentary high power channels).  The output power cannot
                be selected from the transceiver's [HI/LOW] switch.  High
                power can be selected during transmission ONLY when low power
                is set on these channels.
                In on-board communication mode, this item has no effect since
                all channels are set for low power only.

                                    - 13 -

////// FREE CHANNEL SCREEN //////

+[FREE CHANNEL]-+----------+
|CH  | RX FREQ. | TX FREQ. |
| No.|    [MHz] |    [MHz] |
+----+----------+----------+
| P4 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
| P5 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
| P6 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
| P7 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
| P8 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
| P9 |  156.000 |  156.000 |
+----+----------+----------+

Free channels can be used as private channels. There are 6 free channels
available, P4 to P9. These can only be used when assigned to memory
channels.

SCREEN SELECTION

1) Push the [Esc] key once or twice to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Menu" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - A SUB menu appears under the TOP menu.

3) Select "FREE CH" with the [F] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - The FREE CHANNEL screen appears.

RX FREQ. [MHz]
This sets the receive frequency for the selected channel.

1) Select the desired channel in the CH No. column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Input the desired frequency using the digit keys.
    - The selectable frequency range using this software is 100.000-199.9875
      (MHz). However, the transceiver may not accept frequencies which lie
      outside the specified range for VHF marine band use.

TX FREQ. [MHz]
This sets the transmit frequency for the selected channel.

1) Select the desired channel in the CH No. column with an [Arrow] key.

2) Input the desired frequency using the digit keys.
    - The selectable frequency range using this software is 100.000-199.9875
      (MHz). Refer to receive frequencies above.

                                    - 14 -

////// WEATHER CHANNEL SCREEN //////

+[WX CHANNEL]+
|CH  |CH     |
| No.|  INH  |
+----+-------+
|  1 |       |
|  2 |       |
|  3 |       |
|  4 |       |
|  5 |       |
|  6 |       |
|  7 |       |
|  8 |       |
|  9 |       |
| 10 |       |
+----+-------+

When weather channels are selected with the transceiver, the channels in
the screen table can be used.  When "I" (Inhibit) is selected in the "CH INH"
column, the selected channels do not appear in the selected channel group.

SCREEN SELECTION

1) Push the [Esc] key once or twice to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Menu" with the [M] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - A SUB menu appears under the TOP menu.

3) Select "WX   ch" with the [W] key, or the [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - The WX CHANNEL screen appears.

                                    - 15 -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. CLONING OPERATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Programmed data can be cloned to an IC-GM1500 instantly.  All data is clone
sent (PC to transceiver) or clone read (transceiver to PC) in approx. 5 sec.
Two cloning cables, the OPC-478 and OPC-512, and a 8 V DC power supply are
necessary to clone data between a PC's RS-232C port and the transceiver.

For convenience, when changing a small portion of the programmed contents,
clone read the data from the transceiver, modify the data, then clone send
it back to the transceiver.

CLONE SEND
The programmed data in the PC is copied to the transceiver.

1) Connect the OPC-478 to the PC's RS-232C port.

2) Connect the OPC-512 to the connector on the bottom of the transceiver.
   - The connector is accessible after removing the battery pack.

3) Connect the mini-plug (male) of the OPC-478 to the mini-plug (female) of
   the OPC-512.

4) Connect the DC power connector of the OPC-512 to a 8 V DC power supply.

5) Turn the PC and transceiver power ON.

6) Start up this program.

7) Select "Clone" in the TOP menu with the [C] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - Clone sub menu appears.

8) Select "PC -> TR" in the SUB menu with the [P] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - "Sending oooooo" appears in the bottom left of corner of the screen.
     - "CL" appears in the transceiver's function display.
          **                                                        **
          **  NOTE: When the wrong port is selected as the RS-232C  **
          **        port, "ERROR: CLONE error" appears in the       **
          **        bottom left corner of the screen.  In this      **
          **        case, check the selection as described on the   **
          **        following page.                                 **
          **                                                        **

9) Turn the transceiver OFF and ON again.
     - Clone send is now complete.

                                    - 16 -

CLONE READ
The pre-set data in the transceiver is copied to the PC.

1) Connect the OPC-478 to the PC's RS-232C port.

2) Connect the OPC-512 to the connector on the bottom of the transceiver.
   - The connector is accessible after removing the battery pack.

3) Connect the mini-plug (male) of the OPC-478 to the mini-plug (female) of
   the OPC-512.

4) Connect the DC power connector of the OPC-512 to a 8 V DC power supply.

5) Turn the PC and transceiver power ON.

6) Start up this program.

7) Select "Clone" in the TOP menu with the [C] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - Clone sub menu appears.

8) Select "PC <- TR" in the sub menu with the [T] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - "CL" appears in the transceiver's function display.
     - When cloning is finished, the transceiver's display returns to
       its previous indication.
     - Clone read is now complete.

RS-232C
When the connected PC has 2 or more RS-232C ports, the desired port can be
selected with this program.  When the PC has only 1 port, "PORT #1" must be
selected, otherwise, the cloning operation cannot be performed.

1) Select "Clone" in the TOP menu with the [C] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
    - Clone sub menu appears.

2) Select "RS-232C" in the SUB menu with the [R] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
    - RS-232C port selection block appears.

3) Select the desired port number to connect the cloning cable with the
   [Arrow] and [Enter] keys.
    - Selected number is the same as the PC port number assignment.

                                    - 17 -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. FILE SAVING AND LOADING
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PROGRAM INFORMATION
The EX-1581 contains the following:

       EX1581.EXE    : Main program
       GM15_EUR.INI  : Europe version default settings
       GM15_UK.INI   : UK version default settings
       GM15_USA.INI  : USA version default settings
       GM1500.DOC    : This document file

When starting up this program and no version name, such as USA, EUR, or
UK is used, or an invalid version name is used, no data is loaded.

FILE SAVING OPERATION

1) Push [Esc] to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "File" in the TOP menu with the [F] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - File sub menu appears.

3) Select "Save" in the sub menu with the [S] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - A file name box appears and shows "FILE: noname.icf".

4) Type the desired file name to be saved.
     - ICF is recommended as a file extension for loading convenience.
     - When no file extension is used, ".ICF" is automatically added to the
       file name.
     - The TOP menu and the file name disappear and the previous menu appears.

**                                                                        **
**  SAVING NOTE:                                                          **
**                                                                        **
**  When starting up the program and no file name has been loaded,        **
**  "noname.icf" appears in the file name box.  In this case, direct      **
**  file name entry is possible ("noname" disappears automatically).      **
**  However, once a file is loaded or saved, file name entry does not     **
**  change the file name. ([Del] or [Ins] key must be used to change the  **
**  file name.)                                                           **
**                                                                        **
**  To indicate the previously saved file name, "*" (wild card) may be    **
**  helpful to check the file name.                                       **
**                                                                        **

                                    - 18 -

FILE LOADING OPERATION

1) Push [Esc] to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "File" in the TOP menu with the [F] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
     - File sub menu appears.

3) Select "Load" in the SUB menu with the [L] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
    - A file name box appears and shows "FILE: FILE: *.ICF".

4) Type the desired file name, then push [Enter].
   Or, push [Enter] to indicate the pre-programmed file name, select the
   desired file name with an [Arrow] key, then push the [Enter] key twice.
    - The typed or selected file is loaded, then the file name box
      disappears.
    - The loaded file name appears in the bottom left corner of the screen.

DOS COMMAND
In the "File" sub menu, a "Dos" item appears.  This command pauses the
program so that a DOS command can be used.  When you want to return to
normal operation of the program, type "EXIT", then push [Enter].

                                    - 19 -

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. PRINTING
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The set data can be printed out for convenience and reference for subsequent
programming.  Only the currently displayed screen is printed, therefore, the
printout operation must be performed for each screen desired.

1) Push [Esc] to indicate the TOP menu.

2) Select "Print" in the TOP menu with the [P] key, or the [Arrow] and
   [Enter] keys.
    - Print sub menu appears and shows "Current".

3) Push [Enter] again to print out the currently displayed data.
       
4) After printing is complete, the TOP and SUB menus disappear